The recent intervention by Theresa May is interesting and not without foundation
The law requires most public bodies including central government to carry out an impact assessment to identify whether any decision might disadvantage people purely because they were from certain groups. These groups include people with disabilities, people from different ethnic backgrounds or men and women.
Where there is a negative impact the government should have due regard to the need to modify the decision. Due regard means that the government should balance the need to promote equality in proportion to its relevance.
Clearly the emergency budget decision is a major one for the activities the government funds.
Impact assessments are the process by which the government should identify and act on the need to modify decisions to have better regard to the need to promote equality. An impact assessment comprises a number of stages including the collection and analysis of relevant data, assessment of the impacts upon people from the different groups, consideration of measures which might mitigate any adverse impact, publication of the results of the impact assessment and arrangements for monitoring for future adverse impact.
The Equality Act 2010 has tried to simplify the legislation which requires public bodies to conduct equality impact assessments although it is not yet clear how this will put into practice.
In our experience the equality impact assessment process is not carried rigorously by government and a whole host of other public sector agencies. It does seem to be well policed and at times agencies appear to pay lip service to the requirements seen as a bureaucratic chore. It can be reframed in a more positive light of basic performance management. An equality impact assessment asks two important questions. Firstly, this decision, this policy this activity, how well does it meet the needs of these customer groups? Secondly, what are we going to do about it?
If as Mrs May contends the emergency budget might have a disproportionate affect upon women, ethnic minorities, disabled and older people then clearly under the law there should be an equality impact assessment and it should have been published.